Computer Virus lo Pian chhuah Dan
- Charles-a, Myohla
Virus chu engnge ni?
Computer virus hi mihringte siam (ziak) chawp program tenau a ni a. Chung virus-te chuan host program a mamawh a. Computer application program hnathawh lai a, run ni ve lo, chu program rinchhana amaha rawn run ve ringawt thin hi a ni. Tin, virus hi amah a inhringpung thei a. Virus awm tawhna file or folder reng reng program hmanga kan hawn tawh chuan chu program kan hawnnaah ngei pawh chuan a fan lut nghal a. Chu Virus awm tawhna program lak chhuah leh file zawng zawngah pawh chuan virus a kai nghal thin bawk a ni. Chu chuan computer hnathawh a ti muang a, memory awl lai-ah hmun khuarin a inhringpung zel a, memory-ah kan hman loh program thinhrik inhawng a tam lutuk avangin computer screen-a thil lang reng reng pawh a muang dulh thin bawk. System executable file-a a insiam tawh phei chuan computer Windows OS a chhe rup thei a ni.
A lo pian chhuah dan
Computer virus lo pian chhuah dan chungchangah hian ngaih dan a tam hle a. Computer hmahruai, Charles Babbage-a siam, Difference Engine leh Analytical Engine-ah te kha chuan heng virus hi la piang lo va ngaih a ni. Nimahsela, kum zabi 19 hma lam khan electrical thil computer-ah buaina an tawk zauh zauh thin. Kum 1945 khan Rear Admiral Grace Murray Hoper-i chuan Navy computer-ah thil pakhat, computer hnathawh tibuai thei te hi a hmu fuh a. Chumi tibuaitu thil te chu “bug” (Thil nung te tak, hrik) tiin hming a pe a. Chuta tang chuan “debug” (program chiang lo/dik lo lai zawng chhuak a, siam thatna) tih thumal pawh a rawn chhuak nghe nghe a ni.
Kum 1949 khan Hungarian Scientist, John von Neumann-a (1903-1957) chuan program amaha inhringpung thei theory hi a lo hmu chhuak tawh a. Tin, kum 1960 leh 1970 vel khan computer program hnathawh tibuai thei malware chi hrang hrang hmuh chhuah a ni tawh bawk. Univac 1108 leh IBM 360/370 model computer hmangtute pawh khan “Pervading animal” (thil nung taidarh thei) tiin heng program tibuaitu hi an lo hmachhawn ve tawh tho a ni. Mainframe computer-ah pawh “the Rabbit” an tih program subuai thei hi an hmu tawh bawk a ni. Mahse, chungte chu “Virus” tia hriat pawh a la ni lo.
Kum 1962 khan America Bell Telephone Laboration Engineer te, V. Vyssotsky, G.Mcllory leh Robert Morris-a te chuan computer-a infiamna Game pakhat, “Darwin” tih hi an siam chhuak a. Chu game-ah chuan a kheltute khelh dan lo enfiahtu “Umpire” an tih ang hi siam tel a ni a. Chu chuan a kheltute tichhe thei tura amaha inhringpung thei leh thunun thei tura siam a ni a. Chu game atana siam program inhrinpun dan theory chu mi dang pawhin an rawn entawn chhawng zel bawk a. Chung thilte chu tun anga hnawksak leh hlauhawma thang chho zel turah pawh an ngaihtuah pha bik lo ngei ang.
Tunge Virus hmu chhuak hmasa ber?
University of Southern California-a Doctoral Candidate, Fred Cohen-a’n ni 3 November, 1983 khan virus hi a hmuchhuak a ni. A research beihna lama a hmuh chhuah a ni a. Hetianga mahni inhringpung a, computer dang program va tidanglam thei program a hmuh chhuah chuan a hmingah “Virus” tiin a vuah ta a ni. Dr. Cohen-a vek hian a thil siam chhuah virus danna tur ngaihtuahin kum eng emaw zat hun a hmang ve leh a. A thil siam chhuahin mi dang computer a fan a, computer lamah buaina nasa tak an tawk tih a hriat chuan ani paw’n pawi a ti ve ngawih ngawih a. He a thil hmuh chhuah thu hi BBC World Service’s Witness Programme-ah a inpuang nghe nghe.
Computer virus chi hrang hrangte
Virus hi chi hrang hrang a awm a. An hna thawh dan pawh a hrang theuh a ni. A hun laia buaipui bik virus tam takte phei chu an hming pek bik eng emaw zat a awm a. An then dan tlangpui chu:
1. Boot Sector Virus: Computer han nun chiah hian Hard disk hmun thenkhat hi OS (Operating System, e.g. Windows XP) hian a hmang a, chu lai hmun chu boot sector tih a ni. Chu mi boot sector hmuna virus a awm tawh chuan OS a lan hmain virus chu amahin a lo load thin a. Desktop window lang thleng turin rei tak nghah ngaiten a awm phah thin. A chang phei chuan Windows lang thei map lo pawn a awm thei bawk.
2. Memory Resident Virus: memory-a bet virus tihna a ni a. A changin file or program pakhat atangin pakhatah a insawn ve zeuh zeuh thin.
3. Polymorphic virus: Heng virus hi an pianghmang a inthlak thei a. Anti-virus man mai mai theih loh tur pawn an biru thei a ni.
4. Metamorphic virus: Heng virus-te hi file thar pakhata a kai apiangin a inhringpung zel thin a ni.
5. Cavity virus: Heng virus-te hi system file (*.exe) chhung hmun awl-ah file size tidanglam lovin a tawmim tlat thin.
6. Macro virus: Kum 1995 khan Microsoft Corp. chuan Windows 95 an pho chhuak a. Anti-virus company lam phei chuan virus do thei OS a nih mawlh kha an hlau a. Nimahsela, macro virus hial a hring chhuak zawk a ni. He virus hian text file a tichhe thei a, tin, OS file lamin a khawihpawi thei bawk a ni.
7. CSS virus: “Cross-site Scripting Virus” tihna a ni a. Source hriat loh or source dang atanga lo kal website-a fakna lo pawh thlak atangtein heng virus hi kai chhawn theih a ni.
8. Worm: Hei hi program thinhrik zinga virus chi khat ve tho a ni a. Host program mamawh ve lem lo, network kal tlanga amaha fan kual ve zung zung thei a ni. Kum 1979 khan Xerox Palo Alto Research Center Engineer-te hmuh chhuah a ni. Network hrik deuh bik a ni.
9. Trojan horse: Trojan hi file or program pakhat a ni a. Mi file pawimawh leh account login information te, password te, etc… lak ruk nana hman a ni a. A tha zawnga hman thiam chuan tangkai tak a ni. A hming pawh hi hmanlai Asia Minor Troy khawpuia indona a lo awma, Sakawr lem chhunga enthlatu an dah an va hung luah a, zanah sakawr lem chhunga enthlatu kha a chhuak a, an chanchin a va hre vek ang khan a hming pawh hi “Trojan horse” tia pek a ni.
10.Trap door: Trap door hi code chi khat, User ID atanga run input rawn lut chinchang hriatna a ni a, program chhunga thil pawimawh tak, computer security dan phalna lova computer chhunga data hmuh theihna a ni. Tun hma kha chuan Trap door hi program setup rei lutuk tur leh progam a that tawk leh tawk loh tichian nan programmer ten an hmang tangkai hle a. Programmer thenkhatin a nih dan tur anga an hman loh avangin computer tikhawlo thei program thinhrik a lo ni ta a ni.
11.Zombie: Zombie hi internet zawm computer a ruka thunnu (control) theihna program a ni a, siamtu chhui chhuah harsa tak, computer tibuai thei program thinhrik chi khat a ni. Abik takin website lam tihkhawloh nan an hmang tam.
12.Logic bomb: Computer program tibuai thei zinga upa ber pakhat a ni a. Logic bomb hi dinhmun pakhat a thlena a dik lo lai lang tura siam program pangai chhunga bet code chi khat a ni. Entirnan: File or music video CD or DVD phalna tel lova copy dawnin logic bomb code an dah tel chuan computer chu hna thawk zawm lovin a ding tawp a. Restart that lehte a ngai thin. File leh thil dang pawh hei hian a tikhawlo thei a ni. Host program mamawh a ni a, inhringpung chi erawh a ni ve lo.
Engtin nge Virus chu a taidarh?
In biak pawh tawnna communication hmasawn zel hian kawng engkimah thiltih a tiawlsam phah a. Chutiangbawkin Computer virus pawh awlsam takin a taidarh zung zung mai a ni. Internet te, Mobile phone te, Bluetooth te atangin software thinhrik eng emaw zat a taidarh a. Internet-a Website-ahte virus ziaktuten thil hmuh nawm, duhawm tak takin thil an tlangzarh a. Chu an thil tlangzarh mi chu pawhthlak (download) vaih chuan program thinhrik pai a tam a, chu chu kan computer-ah virus a kai chhawng ve nghal thin. Chu computer-a mi, virus awm tawh file leh folder chu pendrive tein emaw, CD pawhin ni se, mi dang computer-ah lak chhawn kual vel a, chu virus kai file leh program te chu virus la awm lohna program-ah hawn a nih chiah khan virus chu a lo taidarh zung zung zel a ni.
Tin, Email atang pawhin awlsam takin a kai theih a. software thun pawhin Software origin ni lo, copy chawp program thun (install) atangte hian program thinhrik virus chi hrang hrang a kai chhawn theih bawk.
Virus fan Computer a lan dan
Virus-in computer a fan tawh chuan kawng chi hrang hrangin a lang thin a. A virus hna thawh dan a zirin a lan dan pawh a dang ve zel a ni. A lan dan tlangpuite chu:
1. Computer hnathawh reng reng a muang vek.
2. Computer hnathawk lai a ding chut chut thin
3. Program run lai “Not responding” tih a tam thin.
4. Computer Hard disk open mai theih lohten a awm thin.
5. Lehkha print chhuah a tluang thei lo.
6. Error message a lang chhen thin bawk.
7. Menu leh dialog box hawn reh leh mai lovin a lang nuai zel.
8. File leh folder hming ang chiah *.exe belh chhahin a lem a insiam thin bawk.
9. Chhan awm lovin Anti-Virus program hnathawk thei lovin a awm thin. A changin install theih lohvin a awm thin.
10.Mahni install ni lem lo Icon lem dang lam tak tak Desktop-ah a rawn lang thin.
11.Mahni play hauh loh music-te a in-play veng veng thei.
12.Mahni paih (remove) ni lo program -te a bo thei bawk.
13.Windows file *.exe a khawihpawi tawh chuan eng program leh system mah khawih danglam lova Windows lang thei tawh lovin OS a chhe rup thin. Khawi lai file nge bo tih pawh screen-ah rawn tarlang bawk ang.
14.Modem thlunzawm a nihin modem hman vak loh lai pawhin modem light a phe zawk zawk thin.
15.Desktop icon leh taskbar lang lovin desktop background chauh langa a din deuh reng chan a awm thin.
16.Hman lai program leh mouse khawih chet theih lohvin a ding “hang” deuh reng thin.
17.Scandisk tih hnu-ah multiple disk error screen-ah a rawn lang tlar put thin.
18.Disk partition sa pawh a bo vek thei.
19.Windows Taskmanager hawn theih lohvin a awm thin bawk.
20.File leh Folder hawn theih lohvin a awm chawk.
21.CD or DVD drive amaha a inhawn a, a inkhar nawn awn awn thei bawk.
22.Program hawn loh pui pui amahin a rawn inhawng thut thut thin bawk.
Heng a chunga buaina tam takte hi Hardware leh Software chian tawk loh vang pawhin a awm thei tho a ni.
Tuten nge virus hi ziak or siam?
Application program zawng zawng hi computer programming language-a ziah chawp a ni a. Chu thuziak chu thui khawmnaa (compiler) nen thui khawmin hman theih program-ah a rawn chhuak a. Chutiang bawkin virus pawh hi ziak titea dah thin a ni.
Virus ziak chungchangah hian chhan tam tak a awm a. Chung a siamtute zingah chuan an siam chhan a inang lo deuh hlawm a ni. Siam chhan chi 4 velin a then theih ang:
1. Programmer tuaitir te: Heng program thinhrikte hi programmer zirtir te teten an thiam aitechhin nan ziak an ni a. Chung an ziakte chu hmun dangah a darh chhuak teh chiam lem lo. An hman lai Hard disk kha format that vek khan virus an siamho kha chu an bo leh vek mai a ni.
2. Thalai ninhlei programmer te: Virus ziak tuma mahni inzir bing computer sikul naupangte an ni tlangpui a. An thiamna uanpuiin mipuite han tihbuai vel hi nuam an ti ve hrim hrim a. Code danglam taktein an ziak thin a ni.
3. Virus zir chiang duh mi te: Virus ziaktu tam takte chuan virus chhuimite an inti a. Program ziak dan idea thar an neih hian belh chian tumin an ziak thin a. System leh Anti-virus chawkbuai thei turin hma an la ve bawk. Mahse, anni chuan sum zawn nan an hmang lo va. An thil hriat chian duh belhchian nan an ziak thin mai a ni. Chung a chhuina atanga an thil hmuh chhuahte chu website lamah ziakten an tlangzarh a. Chung thuziakte chu mi dang tam takin an lo chhiarin an siam chhin ve ta thin a ni. Chung an chhinna then khat te chu a lo taidarh nual hman thin a ni.
4. Virus ziaka eizawng mi te: Heng mite hi “Script Kiddies” an ti a. Virus ziak lama talent nei tha tak takte chu an insuihkhawm ve a. Heng virus ziaka ei zawng tak takte chuan mi dangte computer leh network a neitu hriat lohva an thuruk pawimawh zawng zawngte virus hmangin an hriatsak vek thin a ni. An bank account te lamin an hriat ruksak a. Tichuan, chungmite sum pawh chu computer hmangin an ruksak thiam a ni. Computer software security leh hardware panna lai hriain virus an theh darh zung zung thin.
Engvangin nge virus hi an siam?
Fraud: Dik lo taka sum lak luh nan a ni. Computer network or internet hmangin sum tam tak inthawnkual a ni thin a. Thil tha lo/dan khap thil ti duh tan pawh remchang tam tak a awm bawk. Chutiang remchanna hmang chuan Trojan_ internet hmangtute account, password, leh chanchin thuruk lakrukna pawh birus ziaktuten an siam chuak a.
Trojan hmanga password ruk hmasak be tum chu kum 1997 kha a ni a. AOL account a mi a ni. Kawng leh lamah chuan Antivirus company tan hna siamsaktute an ni vet hung.
Computer game leh software license key ruk nan pawh Trojan hi hman a ni a. E-mailah-ah te leh website lamah awhawm leh enchak awm tak taka fakna siamin internetah an thehdarh a. Chumi hriat ruk theihna hmanrua chi khat atan siam a ni bawk.
Bot Network: Tunlaiah chuan virus ziaktute hian spam thawn lamah an tuan vet hung a. An software siamte chu manto tak takten an zuar a. An tih dank al hmnagah chuan code dang lam tak, computer tikhawlothei kam sa hmanga computer network siam hi a ni a. Chutiang computer hrik paisa a sang tel thlunzawm chu virus ziaktute chuan man tam tak chhiara mi bumin an zuar thin a ni.
Chung network-te chu fakna hmanga inbumna hmanraw tangkai tak a ni a. Chumi network va zawm tawh phawt chu Trojan proxy server khan a hawn ruk sak zeuh mai dawn a ni.Antivirus pawh chawkbuai thei hmanrua a ni bawk.
Sum inlak ruk sak nan: Thil dang inbum nana siam fakna leh software thi thithalo zawrh chhuah lam ni tawh lovin, virus ziaka ei zawng tak takte chuan Trojan spies (Trojan enthlatu) an siam a, chu mi nen chuan mi e-wallet, internet bank account, paypa account-a mi pawisa te an ru thin a ni. Chung trjan te chuan mite bank account chanchin kimchang kha a hriat ruksak a, tichuan a pu hnenah a hawnkirsak thin a ni.
Cyber extortion: Tunlaia internet hmanga suahsualna chi khat a ni. Atlangpuiin virus ziaktuten zombie computer network virus hrik paisa hmangin dawr lian te, bank te, company lian tak tak address lang nghal website neitute vauna lehkha (blackmail) tu tih hriat lohvin an thawn thin a. Cheng chuti zat chumi hmunah in rawn dah loh chuan kan chuti khati dawn cheu a ni mai titen an tih thaih thin. Chungtiang hmanga ei zawng virus ziaktu tam tak an awm a ni.
Thulakna: www.chhaktiangzirlaite.info
